Fundamentals

Lossy vs Lossless Compression Explained

Every image format uses one or both. Understanding the difference helps you choose the right format every time.

What is lossy compression?

Lossy compression reduces file size by permanently discarding data that humans are unlikely to notice. JPG is the most common lossy format. A JPG at quality 80 looks nearly identical to the original but can be 10-20x smaller. The trade-off: once data is discarded, it cannot be recovered. Re-saving a JPG multiple times causes progressive degradation, known as generation loss.

What is lossless compression?

Lossless compression reduces file size without losing any data. The decompressed image is pixel-identical to the original. PNG is the most common lossless image format. Lossless files are larger than lossy equivalents, but they preserve every detail. You can edit and re-save a lossless image indefinitely without quality degradation.

Comparison

AspectLossyLossless
File sizeMuch smallerLarger
QualitySlight loss (often invisible)Perfect preservation
Re-editingDegrades on each saveNo degradation
Best forPhotos, web imagesGraphics, logos, screenshots
Common formatsJPG, WebP (lossy mode)PNG, WebP (lossless mode), TIFF

When to use lossy

When to use lossless

Compress your images

Our Image Compressor uses smart lossy compression that keeps visual quality high while reducing file size. For format conversion, try PNG to JPG (lossless to lossy) or JPG to PNG (lossy to lossless container).

Frequently asked questions

Does converting JPG to PNG make it lossless?

No. The quality already lost during JPG compression cannot be restored. Converting to PNG prevents further degradation but does not recover the original data. The file size will also increase.

What JPG quality setting should I use?

For web images, quality 75-85 offers the best balance of file size and visual quality. Below 70, compression artifacts become noticeable. Above 90, file sizes increase rapidly with minimal visible improvement.

Can one format do both lossy and lossless?

Yes. WebP and AVIF support both modes. You can encode a WebP as lossy for photos or lossless for graphics, making them versatile for mixed-content websites.